我国医学图书馆发展回顾与展望

 

从办馆条件、法规建设、业务基础建设工作、文献资源共建共享、自动化网络化建设五个方面对改革开放以来我国医学图书馆建设所取得的成就进行了总结和阐述，指出了我国医学图书馆在事业经费、文献资源共建共享、法制建设、管理水平、人才队伍建设方面存在的问题，并提出了发展对策和措施。

     

Ischemia-reperfusion injury following hepatic portal occlusion increases brain excitatory amino acids and NMDAR mRNA expression in rats

AIM: To explore the changes of excitatory amino acids and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) in brain undergoing ischemia-reperfusion injury following hepatic portal occlusion (HPO) in vivo.METHODS: The electrolytes and pH of portal vein blood,the content of Glu and Asp in brain,and the expression of NMDAR mRNA were studied with blood-gas analysis,HPLC and semi-quantitative RT-PCR method in two groups(HPO or sham),respectively.Three time points(6 h,12 h and 24h after reperfusion) were included.RESULTS: HPLC measure showed that the content of cortex Glu and Asp in group HPO elevated significantly after reperfusion compared with sham group, the peaks were at 6 h and 24 h ［Glu:(349±145) μg·g^-1wt,(456±203) μg·g^-1wt vs (238±24) μg·g^-1wt,(225±59) μg·g^-1wt;Asp:(134±50) μg·g^-1wt,(166±50) μg·g^-1wt vs (99±24) μg·g^-1wt,(71±20) μg·g^-1wt］.Moreover,semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis discovered that the expression of NMDAR mRNA increased significantly ,the subunit NR1 mRNA was higher in reperfusion 6 h and last to 12 h（1.63±0.06 vs 1.18±0.05;1.73±0.06 vs 1.17±0.03）,the peak of NR2B mRNA was in 12 h (1.75±0.04 vs 1.18±0.05) ,but they did not further increase after reperfusion for 24 h.CONCLUSION: HPO increases the content of Glu and Asp and the expression of NMDAR in brain cortex.The Glu-NMDAR pathway plays a role in the mechanism for the brain injury after HPO.The products of IR injury might be the key factor to cause EAAs acumulation in synapse space.     

陕西关中地区小麦品种的发育特性

对陕西关中地区小麦品种发育特性的研究表明，随着品种更换虽然进入幼穗伸长的时间缩短，但品种未出现春性化，开花期在品种间差异不大，但二棱期至开花期的时间缩短，这是感光性减弱的结果；由于伸长期至二棱期的时间延长，从而利于增花增粒，近期育成的大穗品种多有明显的春性化，强感光性，需要加以改进。     

Identification of differentially expressed genes associated with bud dormancy release in tree peony （Paeonia suffruticosa） by suppression subtractive hybridization

A subtractive cDNA library was developed to study genes associated with bud dormancy release in tree peonies.In order to identify genes that are highly expressed in buds released from dormancy,588 clones were examined by differential screening.Of these,185 clones were selected to be sequenced.A total of 37 unique sequences were obtained of which only 31 sequences have matches in the NCBI database or the Arabidopsis thaliana protein database.Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to confirm further the expression...     

鹅羽绒发生发育的分子调控机理研究进展

简要概述了鹅羽绒毛囊形态发生和生长周期的循环过程,对Wnt/β-catenin信号传导途径、Shh传导途径、部分相关基因功能及其调控羽绒发生发育的分子机理进行了综述,并提出了目前研究中仍存在的问题。     

盐胁迫对小麦苗期荧光特性的影响及综合评价

为探究4份小麦苗期耐盐能力,筛选优异的高抗性种质资源,采用水培法,设置NaCl处理浓度为0、100、200 mmol/L,研究不同盐浓度对小麦幼苗生长发育、光合特性、叶绿素荧光特性、丙二醛含量和脯氨酸含量的影响,并通过主成分分析法和隶属函数法对4份小麦幼苗进行耐盐性综合评价。结果表明,随着盐浓度增加,各小麦品种叶鲜重、根鲜重、总根长、总根表面积、总根体积、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、光系统II最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、光系统II实际光化学效率(ΦPSII)和光化学猝灭(qP)与对照相比均有不同程度的下降,根平均直径、胞间CO₂浓度(Ci)、丙二醛含量(MDA)、非光化学猝灭(NPQ)和脯氨酸含量均有不同程度的上升。4份小麦盐胁迫下耐盐性由强到弱为‘冀麦32’>‘德抗961’>‘泰农18’>‘师栾02-1’。根据耐盐综合评价值筛选出‘冀麦32’和‘德抗961’具有较高的耐盐能力。     

不同根构型玉米的根系形态及其对密度的响应

在两种种植密度下对8个测交种的根系形态及在0～60 cm土壤剖面的分布进行测定。结果表明,根长、根干重和根拔拉力均具有显著的基因型差异,其中,L105和L109属于大根系基因型;L172和L224属于小根系基因型。L132、L160、L224对密度的反应较为敏感,L219对密度的反应较为迟钝。在增加种植密度后,各基因型根系均有纵向延伸的特征,不同基因型根长和根干重在不同土壤层次间分布比例差异较大,且其对密度的反应仅表现在特定的土层内。     

不同栽培方式对大豆产量及构成因子的影响

为了提高大豆产量,试验设置2种配套栽培模式处理,研究45cm窄行密植栽培模式和65cm垄作栽培模式对大豆产量及其构成因子的影响,并对经济效益进行分析。结果表明:垄作栽培下,黑河36的株荚数、株粒数、荚粒数均高于窄行密植栽培模式下的合农60。合农60窄行密植栽培模式产量为3 615kg·hm-2,黑河36垄作栽培模式产量为2 865kg·hm-2,2种栽培模式下产量差异达到极显著水平。窄行密植栽培模式较垄作栽培模式增产750kg·hm-2,增产率达到26.18%,增收效益为3 000元·hm-2。     

杂交稻对白叶枯病菌主基因抗性的配合力分析

以８种不同胞质类型的不育系及其保持系与９个恢复系配制的７２个不育系杂种及保持系杂种为材料，研究了杂交稻对白叶枯病菌主基因抗性的配合力。结果表明，杂交稻的抗性以主基因抗性为主，但同时也受双亲中与抗性有关的其他加性、显性及上位性基因效应的影响。说明杂交稻的抗性强弱取决于双亲抗性基因互补和累加程度高低。